Autism Spectrum Disorder

What is Autism?

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is also known as a pervasive developmental disorder. It is a developmental disability that can cause significant social, communication, and behavioral challenges in the child. 

According to DSM-5

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Fifth by American Psychiatric Association (DSM 5), AUTISM is a complex developmental/Spectrum disorder associated with symptoms that include “Difficulty in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts” and “restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities.”

The DSM 5 gives examples of these two main categories:

      1)  Social communication

2)  Restricted, Repetitive

There is no often about how people with Autistic looks different from other people. People with Autism Spectrum Disorder may communicate, interact, behave, and learn in ways that are different from most other people.

Some sign and symptoms may be or not seen in every child of autism:-

• Social issues

• Communication Issues

• Unusual interests & Behaviors

• Unseal Emotion

• Regulatory and sensory motor related

1)  Social Issues

• Does not respond on calling his /her name
• Avoid eye contact in social place/familiar-unfamiliar people
• Does not like to play in a group
• Unable to read the facial expression/emotion 

2) Communication Issues

• Unable to do Problem-solving or  following simple Directions
• Repeating words/sentences – Echolalia
• Difficulty in Expressive and Receptive  languages
• They could not do abstracting thinking
• Delayed speech and languages/ communication
• Unable to reverse Pronouns. like “YOU” instead of  “I”  
• Talks in a structural or robotic, flat voice
• Does not pretend in play

3) Unusual interests & Behaviors

• Arrange all toys or objects in the row
• Playing one game/Toys again and again (Interest in one Game )
• The child gets upset soon while we do minor changes in the daily schedule 
• Mostly hand flapping, body rocking, spin self in a circle or spinning around the fingers through thread or woolen 

4) Unseal relation and Emoting 

• Avoid the crowded place 
• Avoidance Tendency 
• Difficulty in Paying attention
• Poor Eye Contact
• Stereotypical Behaviors or play
• Unseal Fear 

5) Regulatory and Sensory-Motor

• Difficulty in Fine motor activities
• Difficulty dealing with changes in the environment
• Avoidance of hugs or light touch(Sense)
• Poor eye-hand coordination
• “Self-stimulatory” behaviors: spinning, hand flapping, headbanging

If you find some signs and symptoms in the child. You should visit the Child Neurologist or child psychologist.

Get free occupational therapy consultation at Utage Bajaj Rehabilitation Center.

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